One product footprint, from bill-of-materials to declaration
Carbon-OS resolves Mahindra's vehicle line into cradle-to-gate product carbon footprints. It allocates part by part, scores the data quality, and prepares declarations for CBAM and the EU Battery Regulation. Below is the live state of the workspace.
Add a bill-of-materials or supplier activity data via CSV, a sample file, or a manual total. The wizard maps it to the ISO 14067 schema and scores each line.
Reported emissions under BRSR Disclosed · FY25
This leads your Indian auto peers, and the breadth is real. It is also a corporate aggregate, mostly use-phase, and mostly estimated. The product-level view is below.
Corporate Scope 3 vs product-defensible PCF Illustrative
The gap is not size. It is defensibility. Your disclosed number is broad and estimated. The number CBAM and the EU Battery Regulation want is per-vehicle, cradle-to-gate, and supplier-primary.
Of the ≈9 Mt embedded in one model year, only ≈8% rests on supplier-primary data. 92% is still bill-of-materials secondary or spend proxy, and none of it survives a CBAM or EU Battery Reg audit yet.
Jump into the platform
Every model: powertrain, data source, per-vehicle PCF, embedded emissions, primary-data score.
Embedded carbon by segment, material hotspot, powertrain and trajectory, plus the KPI set.
How a part becomes a number: mass times emission factor, cradle-to-gate, live.
Build an ISO 14067, GHG Product, EU Battery, CBAM, BRSR or CDP disclosure. Export PDF, Excel, CSV.
Model portfolio: every vehicle, as a product footprint
Import a bill-of-materials or add models one by one. Each model carries its powertrain, data source, annual units, per-vehicle cradle-to-gate PCF, embedded emissions and primary-data score, all recomputing live.
| Model | Powertrain | Data source | Units / yr | PCF t/veh | Embedded | Data score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total · 15 models | 8,52,000 | ≈9.0 Mt | wtd 3.8 | ||||
What the model portfolio handles
Bill-of-materials import
CSV / PLM export, mapped to the ISO 14067 part schema
Part & material classification
System, material, mass, supplier, tier, origin
Automatic allocation tagging
Battery, metals, electronics, polymers. Sets the emission-factor basis
Multi-entity portfolios
Auto standalone, group, Farm Equipment. Switch at the top
Configurable boundary
Cradle-to-gate, cradle-to-grave, gate-to-gate
Model-year snapshots
Versioned PCF states for year-over-year comparison
BE 6: your electric SUV, part by part, tier by tier
Two readings of one vehicle. Part 1: the cradle-to-gate footprint as it stands. Part 2: what happens to the number, and its defensibility, when suppliers move to primary data.
Current state: the BE 6 cradle-to-gate footprint
Where the 12.4 t comes from Illustrative allocation
Cradle-to-gate, by system. The battery pack is the single largest contributor, and its carbon lives two and three tiers up, in the cell and the materials behind it.
Measure the battery well and you have measured 39% of the vehicle. That is where the pilot starts.
The supplier cascade behind the number Suppliers publicly reported
The named tier-1 suppliers are public (Autocar Professional teardown). Below each is the tier-2 and tier-3 activity where the carbon actually forms. Emission factors and the split are illustrative until primary data lands.
| System | Tier 1 · named | Tier 2 · inputs | Tier 3+ · origin | t/veh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battery pack59 kWh LFP Blade | BYD | LFP cathode, graphite anode, separator, electrolyte, Al casing | Lithium, phosphate, graphite mining · cell-plant grid | 4.8 |
| Body-in-whitesteel + aluminium | M&M press shop + Al suppliers | Hot-rolled coil, Al extrusions, castings | Iron ore · bauxite → alumina → smelting | 3.1 |
| E-drive3-in-1 RWD | Valeo | Electrical steel, copper windings, magnets, inverter SiC | Copper · rare-earth · silicon | 1.1 |
| ElectronicsVCU · SoC · displays | Bosch, Qualcomm, Aptiv, Yazaki | DC-DC (Hungary import), Snapdragon 8295, HV harness | Semiconductor fab · copper | 1.0 |
| Interiors & glassseats · glazing · tyres | Lear, MSKH, AIS, Saint-Gobain, Goodyear | Polymers, foam, float glass, rubber, steel cord | Petrochemicals · silica · natural rubber | 1.3 |
Bosch's DC-DC converter is imported from Hungary, and the body's steel and aluminium are CBAM-covered goods. Both are why the border-carbon number has to be traceable, not estimated.
Mahindra's stated plan Disclosed · public targets
Mahindra Auto is carbon-neutral by 2040 under Planet Positive, SBTi-validated, committed to RE100, and building INGLO electric SUVs for markets beyond India. The commitment is public. A supplier-primary product PCF is not yet in place to back it at the vehicle level.
A public net-zero-2040 plan with a global EV product is a declaration waiting to happen.
Current PCF risk position Illustrative
Static today. Part 2 shows what moves them.
Scenario: suppliers move to primary data
Model the cascade going primary
Drag supplier-primary coverage up and watch four numbers move: the footprint tightens, the CBAM cost falls, the declaration becomes audit-ready. Illustrative model
One slider, four readings. Accuracy, cost and defensibility are the same move, read four ways.
Cradle-to-gate PCF to a verified baseline Illustrative projection
The gap is real abatement made visible: green steel, low-carbon aluminium, RE-powered cells. You can only claim what you can trace.
The abatement this unlocks Illustrative
Each lever needs supplier-primary data to claim, and each is a real, sourced reduction once verified. Together they take the BE 6 from ≈12.4 to ≈9.2 t/vehicle.
| Lever | Reduction | Where it acts | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low-carbon aluminiumgreen / recycled Al | 0.9 t/veh | Body, castings, pack casing | Primary data first |
| Green steelscrap-EAF / H2-DRI | 0.7 t/veh | Body-in-white, chassis | CBAM-relevant |
| RE-powered cell manufacturingBYD LFP, clean grid | 0.8 t/veh | The 39% battery block | Supplier ask |
| Closed-loop battery recyclingrecovered cathode metals | 0.3 t/veh | Cell materials, tier 2-3 | Open |
| Inbound logisticsmode + routing | 0.1 t/veh | Imported components | Open |
What the supplier gets, and what Mahindra gets
This drilldown is also an offer you hand your suppliers. In a live pilot, a tier-1 like Valeo or a cell partner like BYD gets a supplier workspace on the same rails: their part-level inventory, a cradle-to-gate ledger they can hand every OEM customer, and primary data that raises their score with you. Mahindra gets a per-vehicle declaration that survives a CBAM and EU Battery Regulation audit, and an EV product ready to export.
B2B2B: your pilot builds their capability. The same drilldown runs for all 15 models in the book.
Allocation engine: how a part becomes a number
A product footprint is the sum of its parts. The engine applies the right emission-factor basis for each material class, computes the cradle-to-gate contribution, and keeps the exact formula on every line, ready for an assurer.
Live allocation calculator
Pick a material class and move the inputs. The cradle-to-gate contribution recomputes instantly. The battery defaults reproduce the BE 6 pack, 4.8 t.
4,838 kgCO2e = 59 kWh × 82 kgCO2e/kWh
One basis per material class, applied automatically
The material tag set on each part decides which emission-factor basis the engine uses. Nothing is chosen by hand at calculation time.
Usable capacity times the cell and pack carbon factor, LFP lower than NMC.
Part mass times the route-specific factor. CBAM-covered goods.
Semiconductor and polymer factors by mass, or per piece where declared.
The math underneath every number
Σ ( activity × emission factor )
+ process energy + logistics
functional unit =
one vehicle
This single identity is the whole of a product carbon footprint. Everything else (the per-material bases above, the estimation ladder, the data-quality scores) exists to supply the two terms inside the sum honestly. Boundary = cradle-to-gate: raw material extraction through the factory gate, use phase excluded and stated. Aligned to ISO 14067 and the GHG Protocol Product Standard.
What the engine guarantees
Right basis, every part
Material tag selects the emission-factor basis. No manual choice at run time.
Formula preserved per part
The exact calculation is stored and shown in the audit trail for an assurer.
Recalculation on updates
A fresh bill-of-materials or a new supplier factor re-runs allocation across the vehicle.
No silent movement
Every part whose number changed is flagged. The delta is never hidden.
Estimation engine: the highest-quality number the data allows
Real bills-of-material have gaps. The engine answers one question for every part: given the data available, what is the best ISO 14067-compliant estimate we can produce, and records the method, assumptions, confidence and date behind it. It is a decision engine, not a lookup table.
The estimation waterfall
The engine walks down from best data to weakest, stopping at the first method the part's data supports. Every step down is a lower-confidence estimate and a poorer primary-data score.
The estimate is a placeholder, honestly scored. As supplier primary data arrives, the part climbs the waterfall and the estimate is replaced, never overwritten silently.
How the engine is built · six services in sequence
Each estimate flows through the same pipeline. Click a stage to see what it does.
Data availability checker
Before estimating anything, the engine catalogues what data the part already has (supplier EPD, mass, material, supplier, tier, purchase value) and identifies the usable inputs.
Estimation method library
Each method declares its required inputs, applicable materials, expected confidence and data-quality score. Select one to inspect it.
Verified EPD used directly, no estimation needed.
Part estimate view
What the product team sees on a single estimated part.
Every estimate carries its explanation
The human-readable record written to each estimated line. What an auditor reads first.
Beyond compliance · what makes the engine useful
Method recommendation
Auto-picks the highest-quality applicable method per part.
Gap analysis
Highlights which missing data point would most improve quality.
Sensitivity analysis
Shows how the estimate moves under a different factor or method.
Bulk estimation & refresh
Applies methods consistently across thousands of parts; flags lines a new factor release affects.
Outreach triggers
Generates supplier data requests where low-quality estimates cluster.
How we phase the build
Phase 1 · ISO 14067 foundation
Data-availability checker, rules-based method selection, mass/EF and cell-CF methods, versioned factor library, primary-data scoring, transparent calculation trace.
Phase 2 · operational maturity
Custom estimation rules per platform, automated factor updates, BOM-wide gap analysis, bulk recalculation, supplier primary-data-request workflows.
Phase 3 · intelligent estimation
AI extraction of PCF from supplier EPDs, ML method recommendation, anomaly detection on outliers, predictive estimation, abatement-scenario analysis.
Read the vehicle line every way it matters
Cradle-to-gate embedded emissions across every dimension a product team and a compliance team ask for. Hover any metric for how it's derived. Illustrative
Embedded emissions by segment
ICE SUVs carry the volume; the others bucket is tractors and small LCVs.
By material hotspot
Steel, aluminium and battery cells are where the carbon forms.
Units vs embedded emissions, by powertrain
Where the volume sits versus where the embedded carbon sits. EVs punch above their unit share.
Per-vehicle PCF vs annual units
Each bubble is a model; size is embedded emissions. High-footprint, high-volume is the priority quadrant.
Cradle-to-gate intensity vs 2040 pathway
Per-vehicle embedded intensity against the linear path a 2040 net-zero commitment implies. Illustrative
Build the declaration, do not retype it
Pick a framework and the sections you need. Every figure is drawn live from the bill-of-materials (emission factor, source and data-quality score attached) and assembles into a declaration you can generate and export.
Disclosure frameworks · create in one click
Expand any framework to preview the declaration live, drawn from the bill-of-materials. ISO 14067, the EU Battery Regulation and CBAM included.
Pick sections, preview live, export
Report sections
Toggle what's included. The preview updates live.
Data registry: why an auditor trusts these numbers
Every factor, dataset and computation profile in the workspace, version-pinned and reproducible. The same rails run under allocation and estimation. This part is the real product, not a mockup.
Datasets & emission factors Version-pinned
| Dataset | Coverage | Used for | Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| ecoinvent_materialscradle-to-gate EF · metals, polymers, glass | 3,000+ processes | BOM secondary factors | v3.10 · 2025 |
| battery_cell_cfkgCO2e per kWh · LFP / NMC · by region grid | Cell + pack | Battery contribution | rolling · quarterly |
| worldsteel_iai_metalssteel & aluminium route factors | Global routes | Body, castings, CBAM | 2025 · v2 |
| supplier_epd_registryverified ISO 14067 part footprints | tier-1 & tier-2 | Primary-data lines | rolling |
| eeio_spend_factorskgCO2e per $ purchase | Cross-sector | Unmatched tail · score 5 | v4.1 · 2024 |
| iea_grid_factorskgCO2e per kWh · by country | Global | Cell-plant & process energy | 2025 |
| ipcc_ar6_gwpgas conversion factors | All gases | Everything | AR6 |
Each factor carries its vintage. When CEA publishes v21, the registry versions it and every affected line re-computes, with the delta highlighted.
The methods that run on these datasets
Allocation and estimation are the two engines that turn these version-pinned factors into product carbon footprints. They live here in the foundations. Open either to see it work.
How a part becomes a number: mass times emission factor, cradle-to-gate, applied per material class, live.
The highest-quality estimate the data allows: a waterfall from supplier EPD down to spend proxy, each scored.
Methodology · public computation profiles
The versioned rules attribution and estimation run on. Public, so an assurer can read exactly what produced each number.
ISO 14067 cradle-to-gate allocation
Cradle-to-gate PCF = Σ (activity × emission factor) + process energy + logistics. Functional unit = one vehicle, use phase excluded and stated. Aligned to ISO 14067 and the GHG Protocol Product Standard. Runs in the allocation engine.
Part emissions · supplier-primary first primary-first
Prefer a verified supplier EPD; fall back to BOM mass × industry factor; then spend-based proxy. Every step is scored on the 1–5 data-quality scale. This is the estimation waterfall.
Scenario engine · primary-data uplift what analytics runs on
Re-runs the vehicle under different factor vintages, abatement levers or primary-data coverage. The sensitivity and trajectory views in analytics read from here.
Data-quality tiers, visible everywhere
Supplier EPD, verified
Assured ISO 14067 part footprint, highest quality
Supplier-specific, unverified
Supplier primary data, not yet assured
BOM × industry factor
Part mass × Ecoinvent / industry EF
Mass / segment benchmark
Component mass × segment average
Spend-based proxy
Purchase value × EEIO factor
Why version-pin
A disclosure has to be reproducible years later. Pinning every dataset to a version means the same inputs always produce the same number, and when a factor updates, the change is explicit and the delta is flagged, never silent.
Your number, next to the ones that matter
On corporate disclosure you lead India's automakers. On product-level PCF the field is open at home, and global peers already compete there. That is the gap to close, and the reference to set.
Disclosure score · Indian autos Carbon X-Ray
The X-Ray scores disclosure quality, not carbon volume. Mahindra leads India's listed automakers: SBTi-validated, net-zero 2040, Scope 3 disclosed across 8 categories. The gap to a top score is product-level defensibility.
Product-PCF readiness · global lens Aug 2026
| OEM | ISO 14067 | EU Battery decl. | Supplier-primary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Volvo / Polestar | Yes | Yes | Advanced |
| VW / Audi | Yes | Pilot | Partial |
| Tata Motors | Partial | No | No |
| Mahindra | In progress | No | Open · your move |
Domestically you lead. Globally, product PCF is where Volvo and VW already compete. No Indian OEM holds a supplier-primary, CBAM-ready declaration. The first one sets the reference buyers read.
Everything the platform produces is an artifact
Source-linked, versioned outputs, not a black box. Each is traceable to the data and method behind it.
| Artifact | What it is | Format | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Product-PCF workbook | Every part, formula, score | XLSX | Live |
| ISO 14067 declaration | Standard-aligned PCF report | Live | |
| Bill-of-materials (normalised) | Mapped to the part schema | CSV | Live |
| Supplier PCF pack (BE 6) | Supplier-ready, hand to tier-1 | B2B2B | |
| EU Battery passport data | Cell CF, provenance, recycled content | JSON | Preview |
| Audit trail | Every calc, dated & sourced | Log | Live |
How the platform runs, operationally
Version-pinned datasets, reproducible runs, data-quality carried on every line. The operating discipline an assurance partner asks about.
The pipeline
Ingest & map
Bill-of-materials → part schema
Classify & tag
Material class sets the EF basis
Allocate & estimate
ISO 14067 math + gap-filling
Review & score
Primary-data quality per part
Declare & refresh
Declaration, then re-run on updates
The operating rhythm
Monthly
BOM deltas land; emission factors refresh on new supplier data.
Quarterly
Versioned model-year close, supplier primary-data requests, product-committee pack.
Yearly
ISO 14067 declaration, EU Battery / CBAM filings, BRSR value-chain tie-back.
Everything runs on the same baseline. Year two is refresh, not rebuild.
One engine, every model, configured to your process
The ISO 14067 rails that resolve the BE 6 extend to every model, plant and sector Mahindra runs, and the platform is configured to how you already operate rather than the other way round.
Extend product PCF to every model and sector you build
The emission-factor basis changes per material; the workflow, data-quality scoring and declaration do not.
Auto vehicle line
SUVs and pickups, cradle-to-gate per model, allocated part by part. Live in this demo.
Farm Equipment
Tractors, the world's largest maker by volume. Cradle-to-gate plus a very different use-phase story.
Last Mile & 2W
Electric three-wheelers and small commercial EVs, where the battery is again the hotspot.
Components & aftermarket
Parts sold to other OEMs, as verified cradle-to-gate EPDs your customers can consume directly.
Each sector is a different use case: different data sources, approval chains and declarations. We configure the workflow and platform to the process, not the other way round.
Built to sit inside how you already operate
Native PLM & ERP integration
Connect securely to PLM/BOM and ERP systems to pull part, mass, material, supplier and origin data in real time. No manual bill-of-materials uploads once live.
PCF & CBAM screening in sourcing
Embed footprint, CBAM exposure and supplier data-quality checks directly into supplier selection and sourcing, so every new part is screened at award.
Power design-for-environment
Use the baseline to drive material substitution, low-carbon steel and aluminium, and DfE targets per model. Every design choice tracked against the same measured baseline.
Configurable workflows & approvals
Roles, maker-checker approval chains, entity hierarchies and declaration frameworks are configured to Mahindra. The platform adapts to each use case.
The measured book is the foundation. Integration and screening turn it into a live control that shapes what you finance next.
How this was built
What's real, what's illustrative, and why we demo it this way.
Disclosed · real & sourced
Mahindra's FY25 BRSR figures (Scope 1 67,829 t, Scope 2 249,830 t, Scope 3 94.56 Mt across 8 categories), the 75/100 Carbon X-Ray rating and rank 9 of 1,246, SBTi validation, the net-zero-2040 commitment and 18.5% RE. The BE 6 / XEV 9e supplier map is publicly reported (Autocar Professional teardown): BYD LFP Blade cells, Valeo 3-in-1 e-drive, Bosch, HL Mando, Mahle, Yazaki, Continental, HL Klemove, Aptiv, Qualcomm, Lear, AIS, Saint-Gobain, Goodyear and Webasto, on the INGLO platform with 59 and 79 kWh packs. The regulatory dates and the ISO 14067 / GHG Protocol Product methods are public.
Illustrative · replaced in a pilot
Every per-vehicle PCF (the BE 6's 12.4 t and its system split), the ≈9.0 Mt model-year book total, per-model volumes and per-vehicle factors, the ≈8% supplier-primary coverage, the CBAM cost figures, the abatement pipeline, the uncertainty bands and the data-quality distribution are illustrative, replaced by your real bill-of-materials and supplier data in a pilot. The 75 to 84 rating movement is an illustrative projection. The Mahindra name and logo are trademarks of Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. We use them here to identify the company for this illustrative demonstration.
Why we demo this way
Carbon-OS is a working ISO 14067 platform. The import, allocation, estimation, analytics and reporting modules are the real product. This workspace is populated with a simulation on Mahindra's public disclosures and the public BE 6 supplier map so you can see the platform work end to end. A scoped pilot replaces every illustrative figure with your BOM and supplier data, usually inside 90 days.
We prefer an honest simulation to a pretend product. The engine is real. The declaration the world is about to demand is real.
One product footprint, then one small ask
You saw the platform import, allocate, estimate, analyse and declare. This page shows the path, and the one thing we ask for.
What this means, seat by seat
The per-vehicle PCF your net-zero-2040 plan needs at the vehicle level, not just the group.
The scorecard that turns spend proxies into verified supplier primary data.
The CBAM and EU Battery declaration your INGLO export plan requires.
The product-level baseline that carbon-neutral-2040 currently lacks.
The path, if this is right
Workspace seeded
Public FY25 disclosures + supplier map
BE 6 supplier pilot
Your BOM + top-20 suppliers
Adjacent EV models
XEV 9e, XEV 9S
Full line + Farm
Every model + tractors
The ask
Not a programme, and not a commitment today. Give us the BE 6's real bill-of-materials and your top-20 suppliers' primary data, under NDA, and we will replace the illustrative figures in this workspace with your actual cradle-to-gate baseline. Read-only, one model, one owner.